集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是采用(yong)(yong)硅(gui)半導(dao)體(ti)(ti)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝而(er)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，因(yin)(yin)此亦(yi)稱硅(gui)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)或(huo)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)片(pian)(pian)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。模(mo)(mo)擬(ni)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是在(zai)(zai)20世紀80年代問世的(de)(de)(de)(de)，它(ta)是將傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)(zai)一個芯片(pian)(pian)上(shang)(shang)、可完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)及模(mo)(mo)擬(ni)信號(hao)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)IC。模(mo)(mo)擬(ni)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)特點是功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)一(僅測(ce)量(liang)(liang)某一物理量(liang)(liang))、測(ce)量(liang)(liang)誤(wu)差(cha)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、價格低(di)、響應(ying)(ying)速度(du)(du)快、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)距(ju)(ju)離遠、體(ti)(ti)積小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、微(wei)功(gong)(gong)耗(hao)等，適(shi)合遠距(ju)(ju)離測(ce)量(liang)(liang)、控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)進行(xing)非線(xian)(xian)性(xing)校準，外圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路簡單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。是從制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝上(shang)(shang)對(dui)(dui)各種類型的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)進行(xing)分(fen)類，是用(yong)(yong)標準的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產硅(gui)基半導(dao)體(ti)(ti)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝技術制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是采用(yong)(yong)硅(gui)半導(dao)體(ti)(ti)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝而(er)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，因(yin)(yin)此亦(yi)稱硅(gui)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)或(huo)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)片(pian)(pian)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，它(ta)是將溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)(zai)一個芯片(pian)(pian)上(shang)(shang)、可完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)及模(mo)(mo)擬(ni)信號(hao)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)IC。模(mo)(mo)擬(ni)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)特點是功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)一、測(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)誤(wu)差(cha)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、價格低(di)、響應(ying)(ying)速度(du)(du)快、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)距(ju)(ju)離遠、體(ti)(ti)積小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、微(wei)功(gong)(gong)耗(hao)等，適(shi)合遠距(ju)(ju)離測(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、控(kong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，不(bu)(bu)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)進行(xing)非線(xian)(xian)性(xing)校準，外圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路簡單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。圖(tu)2-1是AD590用(yong)(yong)于(yu)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)熱(re)力學溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基本應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路。因(yin)(yin)為(wei)流過AD590的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流與熱(re)力學溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)正比，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)R1和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)R2的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)之和(he)(he)為(wei)1kΩ時(shi)，輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)隨(sui)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變化為(wei)1mV/K。但由(you)于(yu)AD590的(de)(de)(de)(de)增益有(you)偏差(cha)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)也有(you)誤(wu)差(cha)，因(yin)(yin)此應(ying)(ying)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路進行(xing)調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)。調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法為(wei)：把(ba)AD590放于(yu)冰(bing)水混合物中(zhong)，調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)R2，使=273.2mV。或(huo)在(zai)(zai)室溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)下(xia)(25℃)條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，使=273.2+25=298.2（mV）。但這樣(yang)調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)只可保證在(zai)(zai)0℃或(huo)25℃附近有(you)較高精(jing)度(du)(du)。很(hen)多(duo)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)供(gong)應(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)是把(ba)大(da)部分(fen)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、測(ce)試和(he)(he)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)元(yuan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)任務(wu)，委托給第三方供(gong)應(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)去(qu)做(zuo)，可以最大(da)限度(du)(du)地利(li)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)團隊(dui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)限資源，縮短產品上(shang)(shang)市時(shi)間。盡管(guan)如此，仍然有(you)許(xu)多(duo)關鍵決(jue)策需(xu)要(yao)(yao)由(you)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)員把(ba)握，而(er)且這些關鍵決(jue)定(ding)將會對(dui)(dui)產品性(xing)能(neng)(neng)、可靠性(xing)和(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本產生(sheng)重(zhong)大(da)影響。為(wei)幫(bang)助設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)出(chu)適(shi)合具體(ti)(ti)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系統，首先我(wo)們來分(fen)析一下(xia)預(yu)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)元(yuan)件(jian)，特別是不(bu)(bu)同傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)元(yuan)件(jian)可提供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢，然后還要(yao)(yao)熟(shu)悉一些必須(xu)考(kao)慮的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)問題(ti)。即(ji)使是經驗豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師，也不(bu)(bu)得不(bu)(bu)承認，針對(dui)(dui)醫療設(she)(she)備(bei)、過程控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)其他工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠自動(dong)化設(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實際應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)條(tiao)件(jian)，設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)提供(gong)精(jing)確、可靠數(shu)據的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)元(yuan)件(jian)，是產品開發(fa)周期中(zhong)最耗(hao)時(shi)和(he)(he)最昂貴(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作之一。在(zai)(zai)很(hen)大(da)程度(du)(du)上(shang)(shang)，這是因(yin)(yin)為(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是跨學科合作的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)團隊(dui)考(kao)慮許(xu)多(duo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣、機械(xie)和(he)(he)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝問題(ti)。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，通常(chang)簡稱其容(rong)納電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)(de)(de)本領為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)，用字(zi)母C表示。定(ding)義(yi)1：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，顧名(ming)思義(yi)，是(shi)‘裝電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)’，是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)容(rong)納電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)(de)(de)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)件。英文名(ming)稱：capacitor。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設備(bei)中大量(liang)使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)元件之(zhi)一(yi)，廣(guang)泛應用于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中的(de)(de)(de)(de)隔直通交，耦合，旁路，濾波，調諧回路， 能(neng)量(liang)轉換，控(kong)制等方面。定(ding)義(yi)2：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，任何兩個(ge)彼此絕(jue)(jue)緣且相隔很近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)（包括導(dao)(dao)線）間(jian)(jian)都(dou)(dou)(dou)構成(cheng)一(yi)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。簡單的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)由兩端的(de)(de)(de)(de)極板(ban)和中間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介質(zhi)（包括空氣）構成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，極板(ban)帶(dai)(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，形成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)差(cha)），但是(shi)由于(yu)(yu)中間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣物(wu)質(zhi)，所以整(zheng)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)不導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。不過，這樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況是(shi)在沒有超過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)臨界電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)（擊(ji)穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)前提條(tiao)件下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。我們(men)知道，任何物(wu)質(zhi)都(dou)(dou)(dou)是(shi)相對絕(jue)(jue)緣的(de)(de)(de)(de)，當物(wu)質(zhi)兩端的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)加大到(dao)一(yi)定(ding)程度后(hou)，物(wu)質(zhi)是(shi)都(dou)(dou)(dou)可以導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，我們(men)稱這個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)叫擊(ji)穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)也不例外，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)被擊(ji)穿后(hou)，就(jiu)不是(shi)絕(jue)(jue)緣體(ti)了。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)接通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)以后(hou),在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場力的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用下(xia)(xia),與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)正(zheng)極相接電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)極板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de) 自由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)將經過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)移到(dao)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)負(fu)(fu)(fu)極相接的(de)(de)(de)(de)極板(ban)下(xia)(xia), 正(zheng)極由于(yu)(yu)失去負(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷而帶(dai)(dai)正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian), 負(fu)(fu)(fu) 極由于(yu)(yu)獲得負(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷而帶(dai)(dai)負(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),正(zheng),負(fu)(fu)(fu)極板(ban)所帶(dai)(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷大小相等,符號相反.

編碼器（encoder）是將信號（如比特流）或數據進行編制、轉換為可用以通訊、傳輸和存儲的信號形式的設備。編碼器把角位移或直線位移轉換成電信號，前者稱為碼盤，后者稱為碼尺。按照讀出方式編碼器可以分為接觸式和非接觸式兩種；
由一個中心有軸的光電碼盤，其上有環形通、暗的刻線，有光電發射和接收器件讀取，獲得四組正弦波信號組合成A、B、C、D,每個正弦波相差90度相位差（相對于一個周波為360度），將C、D信號反向，疊加在A、B兩相上，可增強穩定信號；另每轉輸出一個Z相脈沖以代表零位參考位。
由(you)(you)于A、B兩(liang)相(xiang)相(xiang)差(cha)90度，可通過(guo)比較A相(xiang)在(zai)前還是(shi)B相(xiang)在(zai)前，以判別(bie)編碼(ma)(ma)器(qi)的正轉與(yu)反轉，通過(guo)零(ling)位脈沖，可獲得編碼(ma)(ma)器(qi)的零(ling)位參考位。編碼(ma)(ma)器(qi)碼(ma)(ma)盤的材(cai)料有玻璃(li)(li)、金屬(shu)(shu)、塑料，玻璃(li)(li)碼(ma)(ma)盤是(shi)在(zai)玻璃(li)(li)上(shang)沉積很薄的刻線，其熱穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)好(hao)，精(jing)(jing)(jing)度高，金屬(shu)(shu)碼(ma)(ma)盤直接以通和不通刻線，不易碎，但由(you)(you)于金屬(shu)(shu)有一定(ding)的厚(hou)度，精(jing)(jing)(jing)度就有限制，其熱穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)就要比玻璃(li)(li)的差(cha)一個數量級，塑料碼(ma)(ma)盤是(shi)經(jing)濟型的，其成本低，但精(jing)(jing)(jing)度、熱穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)、壽(shou)命均要差(cha)一些。

絕緣(yuan)耐(nai)(nai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)測試(shi)儀又叫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)絕緣(yuan)強(qiang)度試(shi)驗儀或(huo)叫介質強(qiang)度測試(shi)儀。將一規定(ding)交流或(huo)直流高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)施加(jia)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)部(bu)(bu)分和非帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)部(bu)(bu)分（一般為(wei)外殼）之間(jian)以檢查(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的絕緣(yuan)材料所能承受(shou)耐(nai)(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)能力(li)的試(shi)驗。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器在長期工作(zuo)中，不僅要(yao)承受(shou)規定(ding)的工作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的作(zuo)用，還要(yao)承受(shou)操作(zuo)過(guo)程中引(yin)起(qi)短時(shi)(shi)間(jian)的高于額定(ding)工作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)（過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值可(ke)能會高于額定(ding)工作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值的好(hao)幾倍）。在這些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的作(zuo)用下，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)絕緣(yuan)材料的內部(bu)(bu)結構將發生變化。當(dang)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)度達到某一定(ding)值時(shi)(shi)，就會使材料的絕緣(yuan)擊穿(chuan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器將不能正常(chang)運行，操作(zuo)者就可(ke)能觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),危(wei)及人(ren)身安全(quan)。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)（Motor）是把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)換成機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)設備。它是利用(yong)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)圈（也就是定子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)）產(chan)生旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)并作用(yong)于轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)（如鼠(shu)籠式(shi)閉(bi)合鋁框）形(xing)成磁(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)扭矩(ju)(ju)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)按使(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源不同分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)大部分(fen)(fen)(fen)是交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，可以是同步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)或(huo)者(zhe)是異(yi)步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)定子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)與轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)不保持同步速(su)）。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)主要由(you)定子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)與轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)組(zu)(zu)成，通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)線(xian)在(zai)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)中(zhong)(zhong)受力(li)(li)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)方向(xiang)跟電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)方向(xiang)和磁(ci)感(gan)線(xian)（磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)方向(xiang)）方向(xiang)有(you)關。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)工作原理是磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)受力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)是現代電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)控(kong)制(zhi)領(ling)域技(ji)(ji)術(shu)含(han)量高(gao)，控(kong)制(zhi)功(gong)能(neng)全、控(kong)制(zhi)效(xiao)果(guo)好的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)控(kong)制(zhi)裝(zhuang)置，它通過(guo)改變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)頻(pin)率(lv)來調(diao)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)和轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)矩(ju)(ju)。因(yin)為(wei)(wei)涉及到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，微機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，因(yin)此成本高(gao)，對維護技(ji)(ji)術(shu)人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)也高(gao)，因(yin)此主要用(yong)在(zai)需要調(diao)速(su)并且對速(su)度控(kong)制(zhi)要求(qiu)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)領(ling)域。直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是將直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)換為(wei)(wei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。因(yin)其(qi)良好的(de)(de)(de)調(diao)速(su)性能(neng)而(er)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)拖動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)得(de)到廣泛應用(yong)。直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)按勵磁(ci)方式(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)永磁(ci)、他勵和自勵3類，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)自勵又(you)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)并勵、串勵和復勵3種(zhong)。交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是一(yi)種(zhong)將交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)為(wei)(wei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)置。交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)主要由(you)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)用(yong)以產(chan)生磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)或(huo)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布的(de)(de)(de)定子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)和一(yi)個(ge)(ge)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞或(huo)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)組(zu)(zu)成。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)利用(yong)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)圈在(zai)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)中(zhong)(zhong)受力(li)(li)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)現象而(er)制(zhi)成的(de)(de)(de)。交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)同步交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和感(gan)應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)兩種(zhong)。

SCHUNK雄克    定心單元    AGE-XY-63
SCHUNK雄克    備件    SRU+40  36224
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    PGN+80-2-AS  0371451
SCHUNK雄克    限位開關    MMS22-SPM8 0301432
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PGN-50/1AS 0370399
SCHUNK雄克    三爪卡盤    PZN PLUS-64/2
SCHUNK雄克    傳感器    MMS30/S-M8NP  52081167
SCHUNK雄克    變壓器    SGG-X006
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0355497 GFS 16-180  00
SCHUNK雄克    導軌    MGN12C1R270Z1CM+U
SCHUNK雄克    夾鉗    PGN-50-1-P 0371121
SCHUNK雄克    機械臂    PZN50-2   0300409
SCHUNK雄克    開關    IN80/S-M8
SCHUNK雄克    插座    B15 adapter 1 840 203 543 KAS-A15-A;0301265  SCHUNK雄克
SCHUNK雄克    備件    SRU+25W-180-90   361650
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    K7G50 300275
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    JGP240-1
SCHUNK雄克    接近開關    301473
SCHUNK雄克    磁性開關    MMS22-SPMB 0301032
SCHUNK雄克    備件    MMSK-P 22-S-PNP 0301371
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PFH 150
SCHUNK雄克    傳感器    MMS22-S-M8-PNP
SCHUNK雄克    旋轉氣缸    DSE-A-40-A 訂貨號30026217
SCHUNK雄克    卡爪    JGP100-1-AS
SCHUNK雄克    備件    DPG-PLUS 240-2-AS
SCHUNK雄克    回轉單元    SRU+20-W-180-3-M4-M8  361434
SCHUNK雄克    測量電纜    30700905
SCHUNK雄克    3 finger concentric gripper    PZB+80-1 0305160
SCHUNK雄克    傳感器    MMS-P22-S-M8-PNP
SCHUNK雄克    備件    訂貨號：9939378
SCHUNK雄克    快速換形系統    SWK 020-000-000
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    340531
SCHUNK雄克    連接線    PZN-PLUS 125-1-IS
SCHUNK雄克    同心夾持器    0303508  PZN+40-AS
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0302122
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0371151
SCHUNK雄克    備件    MMSK22-SN  0301035
SCHUNK雄克    備件    40011139
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    MPG40AS 340042
SCHUNK雄克    備件    SWV-M3-4 9210505
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0340045 PINCE MPG 80 AS
SCHUNK雄克    手抓    PGN+80-1 訂貨號371101
SCHUNK雄克    信號接口（signal interface）    K19kopf 9937328 SWK020-021-060
SCHUNK雄克    接近開關    IN80/SM8 0301478
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    JGP200-1
SCHUNK雄克    備件    302612
SCHUNK雄克    碳刷    E50R72 10*16*27
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    PWG 170-F Nr.30029569
SCHUNK雄克    氣動夾爪    KGG 140 (340311)
SCHUNK雄克    備件    MPG32 340011
SCHUNK雄克    備件    MPG20 AS 340039
SCHUNK雄克    備件    9985034
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    JGZ160-1(ID:0308960)
SCHUNK雄克    平行夾爪    0371080
SCHUNK雄克    傳感器    MMS22-SPM8-0301032
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    0312975
SCHUNK雄克    備件    301450
SCHUNK雄克    塊環系統附件    40102516
SCHUNK雄克    缸    DPG-PLUS200-1 0304361
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0303539
SCHUNK雄克    卡爪    0371402
SCHUNK雄克    備件    30-S-M8-PNP   0301471
SCHUNK雄克    刀柄    206436
SCHUNK雄克    電纜    9949143 FA-2018495
SCHUNK雄克    機械手    0340520
SCHUNK雄克    磁性開關    MMSK22-S-PNP（030103）
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    370401
SCHUNK雄克    三心夾爪    PZN-plus50-1（0303309）
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪    PARALLELGREIFER-MPG25/340010
SCHUNK雄克    備件    MPG32  340011
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    RH907  Nr：0360200
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    MPG+40 0305521
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    PGN+50-1-AS  30053271
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PZN+16O-1，303314
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PGN PLUS 100-1-AS 371402
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    PGN+125-1-AS  訂貨號371403
SCHUNK雄克    備件    SWK-150-R19-000 SIDE
SCHUNK雄克    氣動卡盤    ROTA TP 125-26
SCHUNK雄克    減徑套    12-08/207915
SCHUNK雄克    GRIPPER CYLINDER    OP30    PWG-S 40
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PGN+200-1(ID:0371105)
SCHUNK雄克    備件    DDF-100-KS 0323110
SCHUNK雄克    機械手    MPG64 340014
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪手指    MPG32  0340011
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0362024 SRU+35-W-180-3-4-M8
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PSH42-2;30060298
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    JGZ160-1(ID:0308960)
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪    PARALLELGREIFER-MPG25/340010
SCHUNK雄克    O-ring    9907 399
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    PGNPLUS300-1(ID;0371106)
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    DPG64-0370251
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    P6N+64/1  371094
SCHUNK雄克    機械手    304357  DPG+160-2AS
SCHUNK雄克    筒夾    12-4
SCHUNK雄克    夾具    300611
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PGN-plus 125-1-SD  37371103
SCHUNK雄克    備件    371107
SCHUNK雄克    接近開關    301580
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PGN-50/1AS 0370399
SCHUNK雄克    備件    9936357
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    P6N+64-1  37371092
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪    PGH30 302930
SCHUNK雄克    傳感器    MMS 22-S-M8-PNP
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PGN+64-2-AS   371093
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸傳感器    MMS 30-S-M12-PNP 0301571
SCHUNK雄克    備件    312953 LGW 16-A5
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    JGZ160-1(ID:0308960)
SCHUNK雄克    插頭模塊    9937328（1311ZNY011）
SCHUNK雄克    閥門    DDF120-SE
SCHUNK雄克    備件    DPG-PLUS 64-1-AS ID.NR.0304313
SCHUNK雄克    備件    CYLINDER MPG 32 340011
SCHUNK雄克    碳環    Drw.no.YFZ53277
SCHUNK雄克    補償單元compensator    324480  AGE_XY_080 324480
SCHUNK雄克    刀柄    0263415
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PGN+100-1
SCHUNK雄克    機械手    PGN-Plus-80-1-AS  0371401
SCHUNK雄克    磁性開關    MMS 22-S-M8-PNP  301032
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸磁性開關    0301032
SCHUNK雄克    磁性開關    MMS 22-S-M8 PNP
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0302611 PWG 40-S
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0301474 IN40/S-M8
SCHUNK雄克    電機    Teile-Nr.333868  MLS 20-85-25-RS
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    SWK-110-000-000
SCHUNK雄克    接地碳刷    S13/F19 80*20*64
SCHUNK雄克    接近開關    301473
SCHUNK雄克    備件    JGP 64-1-IS  308622
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0302612 PWG 60-S
SCHUNK雄克    磁性開關    MMS22-SPMB 0301032
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    0302612
SCHUNK雄克    插頭    SOURIAU JMS3116F 14-19P 1150129838901
SCHUNK雄克    碳刷    碳刷 C80X   40*25*64
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    PGNPLUS300-1(ID;0371106)
SCHUNK雄克    備件    371455
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0301493
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪    PGN-PLUS 100-1
SCHUNK雄克    抓盤氣缸    JGZ 160-1308960
SCHUNK雄克    備件    10359225
SCHUNK雄克    電磁開關    301032
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸傳感器    MMS 22-S-M8-PNP 0301032
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    RH901K-FF-PXS-0C1
SCHUNK雄克    備件    JGZ 40
SCHUNK雄克    卡爪    0371402
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪氣缸    PGN+80/1 AS 371401
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    SZAJ 20-3  138114
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0301249
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0305511 MPG+32
SCHUNK雄克    通用過渡爪    UZB50（300041）
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0302122
SCHUNK雄克    卡爪    0370100 PGN 64-1
SCHUNK雄克    備(bei)件 ;   0301474 IN40/S-M8

SCHUNK夾爪氣缸PGN+80/1AS371401翊霈供應

SCHUNK夾爪氣缸PGN+80/1AS371401翊霈供應