氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)是由缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筒(tong)、端蓋、活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)、活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)桿和密封件(jian)等(deng)組成，引(yin)導活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)在缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)內進(jin)行直線往復運(yun)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圓筒(tong)形金屬機(ji)件(jian)。空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在發動機(ji)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)中(zhong)通(tong)過(guo)膨(peng)脹將熱能(neng)轉化(hua)為(wei)機(ji)械能(neng)；氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)在壓(ya)縮機(ji)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)中(zhong)接受活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)壓(ya)縮而(er)提(ti)高(gao)壓(ya)力。渦輪機(ji)、旋轉活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)式發動機(ji)等(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殼體(ti)(ti)通(tong)常也(ye)稱(cheng)“氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)”。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用領域：印刷（張(zhang)力控(kong)制）、半導體(ti)(ti)（點焊機(ji)、芯(xin)片研磨）、自動化(hua)控(kong)制、機(ji)器人等(deng)等(deng)。內燃(ran)機(ji)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)體(ti)(ti)上(shang)安放活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)腔。是活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)運(yun)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軌道，燃(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在其(qi)中(zhong)燃(ran)燒及膨(peng)脹，通(tong)過(guo)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)壁(bi)還(huan)能(neng)散去一部分(fen)燃(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)傳給(gei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆發余熱，使發動機(ji)保(bao)持(chi)正常的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作溫(wen)度(du)。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)型(xing)式有整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)式和單(dan)鑄式。單(dan)鑄式又分(fen)為(wei)干式和濕式兩種。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)和缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)體(ti)(ti)鑄成一個(ge)整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)時稱(cheng)整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)式氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang);氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)和缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)體(ti)(ti)分(fen)別(bie)鑄造時，單(dan)鑄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筒(tong)稱(cheng)為(wei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)套(tao)(tao)。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)套(tao)(tao)與冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)水直接接觸(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)作濕式氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)套(tao)(tao);不與冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)水直接接觸(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)作干式氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)套(tao)(tao)。為(wei)了保(bao)持(chi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)與活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)接觸(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嚴密性，減少活(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)在其(qi)中(zhong)運(yun)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩擦(ca)損失，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)內壁(bi)應有較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)精(jing)(jing)度(du)和精(jing)(jing)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形狀尺寸。

互感器又稱為儀用變壓器，是電流互感器和電壓互感器的統稱。能將高電壓變成低電壓、大電流變成小電流，用于量測或保護系統。其功能主要是將高電壓或大電流按比例變換成標準低電壓（100V）或標準小電流（5A或1A，均指額定值），以便實現測量儀表、保護設備及自動控制設備的標準化、小型化。同時互感器還可用來隔開高電壓系統，以保證人身和設備的安全。
在供電用電的線路中，電流相差從幾安到幾萬安，電壓相差從幾伏到幾百萬伏。線路中電流電壓都比較高，如直接測量是非常危險的。為便于二次儀表測量需要轉換為比較統一的電流電壓，使用互感器起到變流變壓和電氣隔離的作用。
 顯示儀表大部分是指針式的電流電壓表，所以電流互感器的二次電流大多數是安培級的（如5等）。隨著時代發展，電量測量大多已經達到數字化，而計算機的采樣的信號一般為毫安級（0-5V、4-20mA等）。微型電流互感器二次電流為毫安級，主要起大互感器與采樣之間的橋梁作用。微型電流互感器稱之為“儀用電流互感器”。（“儀用電流互感器”有一層含義是在實驗室使用的多電流比精密電流互感器，一般用于擴大儀表量程。）
電流(liu)互感(gan)器原理線路圖微型(xing)電流(liu)互感(gan)器與(yu)變壓(ya)器類似也是(shi)根據電磁感(gan)應原理工作，變壓(ya)器變換的(de)是(shi)電壓(ya)而微型(xing)電流(liu)互感(gan)器變換的(de)是(shi)電流(liu)罷了。繞(rao)(rao)組N1接被測(ce)電流(liu)，稱為(wei)一次繞(rao)(rao)組（或原邊繞(rao)(rao)組、初級繞(rao)(rao)組）；繞(rao)(rao)組N2接測(ce)量儀表(biao)，稱為(wei)二次繞(rao)(rao)組（或副邊繞(rao)(rao)組、次級繞(rao)(rao)組）。

變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)（Transformer）是(shi)利用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感(gan)應的(de)(de)(de)原理來改變(bian)(bian)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)置，主(zhu)要(yao)構件(jian)(jian)是(shi)初級(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、次(ci)級(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)鐵(tie)(tie)芯（磁(ci)芯）。主(zhu)要(yao)功能(neng)有：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓變(bian)(bian)換、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流變(bian)(bian)換、阻(zu)抗變(bian)(bian)換、隔(ge)離、穩壓（磁(ci)飽和(he)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)）等(deng)。按用途可(ke)以分(fen)為：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)和(he)特(te)殊變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爐變(bian)(bian)、整流變(bian)(bian)、工頻試驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)、調壓器(qi)、礦用變(bian)(bian)、音頻變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)、中頻變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)、高頻變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)、沖擊變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)、儀用變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器(qi)、互(hu)感(gan)器(qi)等(deng)）鐵(tie)(tie)心的(de)(de)(de)作用是(shi)加強(qiang)兩個(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)耦合(he)(he)。為了減(jian)少(shao)鐵(tie)(tie)內渦流和(he)磁(ci)滯損耗，鐵(tie)(tie)心由涂(tu)漆的(de)(de)(de)硅鋼片疊壓而成(cheng);兩個(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)之(zhi)間(jian)沒有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)關聯，線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)由絕緣銅(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)（或(huo)鋁線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)）繞成(cheng)。一(yi)個(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)接交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)稱(cheng)為初級(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)（或(huo)原線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)），另(ling)一(yi)個(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)接用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)稱(cheng)為次(ci)級(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)（或(huo)副(fu)(fu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)）。實際的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)是(shi)很(hen)復雜的(de)(de)(de)，不可(ke)避免地存在銅(tong)損（線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)發熱）、鐵(tie)(tie)損（鐵(tie)(tie)心發熱）和(he)漏磁(ci)（經(jing)空氣閉合(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)感(gan)應線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)）等(deng)，為了簡(jian)化討論這里只(zhi)介紹(shao)理想變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)。理想變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)成(cheng)立的(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)(jian)是(shi)：忽(hu)略(lve)漏磁(ci)通，忽(hu)略(lve)原、副(fu)(fu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，忽(hu)略(lve)鐵(tie)(tie)心的(de)(de)(de)損耗，忽(hu)略(lve)空載電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流（副(fu)(fu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)開路(lu)原線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流）。例如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)在滿載運行(xing)時(shi)（副(fu)(fu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)輸出額定(ding)功率）即(ji)接近理想變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)情況。

計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)與(yu)計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)或計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)與(yu)終端(duan)(duan)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)數據(ju)(ju)傳送可以(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)串(chuan)行(xing)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訊(xun)和并行(xing)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訊(xun)二種方(fang)式(shi)。由于(yu)串(chuan)行(xing)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訊(xun)方(fang)式(shi)具有(you)使用(yong)線(xian)路(lu)少、成(cheng)本低，特別是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)遠程傳輸時，避免了多條(tiao)線(xian)路(lu)特性(xing)的(de)(de)不(bu)一致(zhi)而(er)被廣泛采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)。 在(zai)(zai)串(chuan)行(xing)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訊(xun)時，要(yao)求(qiu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訊(xun)雙方(fang)都采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)一個(ge)(ge)標準(zhun)(zhun)接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)，使不(bu)同 的(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)可以(yi)(yi)方(fang)便(bian)地連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)起來進行(xing)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訊(xun)。 RS-232-C接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)（又稱 EIA RS-232-C）是(shi)(shi)目前最常(chang)用(yong)的(de)(de)一種串(chuan)行(xing)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訊(xun)接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)。它(ta)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)1970年由美國電子工業協會（EIA）聯合貝(bei)爾系統、 調(diao)制(zhi)(zhi)解調(diao)器廠(chang)家及計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)終端(duan)(duan)生產廠(chang)家共同制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)的(de)(de)用(yong)于(yu)串(chuan)行(xing)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訊(xun)的(de)(de)標 準(zhun)(zhun)。它(ta)的(de)(de)全名是(shi)(shi)“數據(ju)(ju)終端(duan)(duan)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)（DTE）和數據(ju)(ju)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訊(xun)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)（DCE）之(zhi)間 串(chuan)行(xing)二進制(zhi)(zhi)數據(ju)(ju)交(jiao)換接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)技術(shu)標準(zhun)(zhun)”該標準(zhun)(zhun)規(gui)定(ding)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)一個(ge)(ge)25個(ge)(ge)腳(jiao)的(de)(de) DB25連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)器，對(dui)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)器的(de)(de)每個(ge)(ge)引腳(jiao)的(de)(de)信號內(nei)容加以(yi)(yi)規(gui)定(ding)，還對(dui)各(ge)種信 號的(de)(de)電平加以(yi)(yi)規(gui)定(ding)。以(yi)(yi)往，PC與(yu)智能(neng)(neng)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訊(xun)多借(jie)助RS232、RS485、以(yi)(yi)太網等(deng)方(fang)式(shi)，主(zhu)要(yao)取決于(yu)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)規(gui)范。但RS232、RS485只能(neng)(neng)代表通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訊(xun)的(de)(de)物理介質(zhi)層和鏈路(lu)層，如(ru)果要(yao)實現(xian)(xian)數據(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)雙向訪問，就必須自己(ji)編寫(xie)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訊(xun)應(ying)用(yong)程序，但這種程序多數都不(bu)能(neng)(neng)符合ISO/OSI的(de)(de)規(gui)范，只能(neng)(neng)實現(xian)(xian)較單(dan)一的(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)，適用(yong)于(yu)單(dan)一設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)類型(xing)，程序不(bu)具備(bei)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)性(xing)。在(zai)(zai)RS232或RS485設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)聯成(cheng)的(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)網中，如(ru)果設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)數量超過(guo)2臺，就必須使用(yong)RS485做(zuo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訊(xun)介質(zhi)，RS485網的(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)間要(yao)想互(hu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信息只有(you)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)“主(zhu)（Master）”設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)中轉才(cai)能(neng)(neng)實現(xian)(xian)，這個(ge)(ge)主(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)常(chang)是(shi)(shi)PC，而(er)這種設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)網中只允許(xu)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)一個(ge)(ge)主(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)，其余全部是(shi)(shi)從（Slave）設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)。而(er)現(xian)(xian)場總線(xian)技術(shu)是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)ISO/OSI模型(xing)為基礎(chu)的(de)(de)，具有(you)完(wan)整(zheng)的(de)(de)軟件支(zhi)持(chi)系統，能(neng)(neng)夠解決總線(xian)控制(zhi)(zhi)、沖突檢測、鏈路(lu)維護等(deng)問題.

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)（Electromagnetic valve）是(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)業設備(bei)，是(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)來(lai)(lai)(lai)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)流體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自動(dong)化(hua)基礎元件(jian)，屬(shu)于(yu)執行器，并不限于(yu)液壓(ya)、氣動(dong)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)工(gong)業控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)調(diao)整介質的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向、流量、速度和其他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)參數。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)可(ke)以配合不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)實現(xian)預期的(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，而(er)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)精度和靈(ling)活(huo)性都能夠(gou)保證。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)有很多種，不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)在(zai)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不同(tong)位(wei)置(zhi)發揮作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，最常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)單向閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、安(an)全閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、方(fang)向控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、速度調(diao)節(jie)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)等(deng)(deng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)里有密閉(bi)(bi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)腔，在(zai)不同(tong)位(wei)置(zhi)開有通(tong)孔(kong)，每個孔(kong)連接不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)油管，腔中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)是(shi)活(huo)塞，兩(liang)面是(shi)兩(liang)塊(kuai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)(tie)，哪面的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)(tie)線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)體(ti)就會被吸引到哪邊，通(tong)過(guo)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)移動(dong)來(lai)(lai)(lai)開啟或關(guan)閉(bi)(bi)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)排油孔(kong)，而(er)進油孔(kong)是(shi)常開的(de)(de)(de)(de)，液壓(ya)油就會進入(ru)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)排油管，然后通(tong)過(guo)油的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力來(lai)(lai)(lai)推(tui)動(dong)油缸的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)塞，活(huo)塞又帶動(dong)活(huo)塞桿，活(huo)塞桿帶動(dong)機械裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。這樣(yang)通(tong)過(guo)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)(tie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流通(tong)斷(duan)(duan)就控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)了機械運動(dong)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)是(shi)由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)和磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)芯(xin)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，是(shi)包含(han)一個或幾個孔(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)體(ti)。當線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或斷(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)芯(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運轉(zhuan)將導致流體(ti)通(tong)過(guo)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)體(ti)或被切斷(duan)(duan)，以達(da)到改(gai)變流體(ti)方(fang)向的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)部(bu)件(jian)由(you)固(gu)定鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)、動(dong)鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)、線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)等(deng)(deng)部(bu)件(jian)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)；閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)體(ti)部(bu)分由(you)滑閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)芯(xin)、滑閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)套、彈(dan)簧底座等(deng)(deng)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)被直接安(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)體(ti)上(shang)，閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)體(ti)被封閉(bi)(bi)在(zai)密封管中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)一個簡潔、緊湊的(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)合。我們在(zai)生產(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)有二(er)位(wei)三通(tong)、二(er)位(wei)四通(tong)、二(er)位(wei)五通(tong)等(deng)(deng)。這里先說(shuo)說(shuo)二(er)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)義：對于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)來(lai)(lai)(lai)說(shuo)就是(shi)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和失電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，對于(yu)所控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門來(lai)(lai)(lai)說(shuo)就是(shi)開和關(guan)。

球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(ball valve ），啟閉(bi)件（球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)體）由閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)桿帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，并繞球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)軸線(xian)作旋(xuan)轉運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)。亦可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)流(liu)體的(de)(de)(de)調節與控制，其(qi)中(zhong)硬(ying)(ying)密封V型(xing)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)其(qi)V型(xing)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)芯與堆焊硬(ying)(ying)質(zhi)合金(jin)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)座之間(jian)具有很(hen)強的(de)(de)(de)剪(jian)切(qie)(qie)力，特(te)(te)別(bie)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)含纖維、微(wei)小固(gu)體顆料(liao)等的(de)(de)(de)介質(zhi)。而多(duo)通球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)在(zai)管道上不僅可(ke)靈(ling)活控制介質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)合流(liu)、分流(liu)、及流(liu)向的(de)(de)(de)切(qie)(qie)換，同時(shi)也可(ke)關閉(bi)任(ren)一通道而使(shi)另外(wai)兩個通道相連。本(ben)類閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)在(zai)管道中(zhong)一般應當水(shui)平安裝。球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)按照(zhao)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang)式分為：氣動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，手(shou)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)在(zai)管路中(zhong)主(zhu)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)來做(zuo)切(qie)(qie)斷、分配(pei)和(he)改變介質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)流(liu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang)向，它只需要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)旋(xuan)轉90度(du)的(de)(de)(de)操作和(he)很(hen)小的(de)(de)(de)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力矩(ju)就(jiu)能(neng)關閉(bi)嚴(yan)密。球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)最適宜做(zuo)開關、切(qie)(qie)斷閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，V型(xing)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)除應注意(yi)管道參數外(wai)，尚應特(te)(te)別(bie)注意(yi)其(qi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)條件，由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置是一機電(dian)(dian)設備(bei)，其(qi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)狀態(tai)受其(qi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)環(huan)境(jing)影響很(hen)大。通常(chang)(chang)狀態(tai)下，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、蝶閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)在(zai)以(yi)下環(huan)境(jing)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)要(yao)特(te)(te)別(bie)注意(yi)。球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)長期以(yi)來受物料(liao)沖刷，產(chan)生(sheng)摩擦(ca)，造(zao)成嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)(de)沖擊磨(mo)損，不能(neng)滿足正常(chang)(chang)生(sheng)產(chan)，同時(shi)造(zao)成了(le)設備(bei)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)期的(de)(de)(de)縮短。當下針對球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)磨(mo)損多(duo)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)耐磨(mo)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)，如(ru)陶瓷(ci)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)，高分子復(fu)合材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)等方(fang)(fang)法，應用(yong)(yong)(yong)較多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)有技術(shu)體系。高分子材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)具有優越的(de)(de)(de)粘著性能(neng)，*耐磨(mo)性能(neng)，安全的(de)(de)(de)解決了(le)金(jin)屬(shu)經常(chang)(chang)磨(mo)損的(de)(de)(de)弊端，確保了(le)企業設備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)正常(chang)(chang)生(sheng)產(chan)。而且材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)*的(de)(de)(de)陶瓷(ci)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)和(he)特(te)(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面強化劑，使(shi)其(qi)在(zai)最惡劣的(de)(de)(de)干(gan)磨(mo)環(huan)境(jing)里耐磨(mo)和(he)抗物理(li)沖擊性能(neng)優于(yu)任(ren)何鋼鐵甚至超(chao)過瓷(ci)磚，產(chan)品與煤(mei)(mei)的(de)(de)(de)不親和(he)性能(neng)是防止積煤(mei)(mei)的(de)(de)(de)理(li)想材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)。

SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    PGN+125-1-AS  訂貨號371403
SCHUNK雄克    備件    LGR-16(312972)
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪氣缸    PWG S-80  0302613
SCHUNK雄克    抓手氣缸    MPG25  340010
SCHUNK雄克    傳感器    FPS-F5
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    OSE-C45-8
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PFH50  0302050
SCHUNK雄克    三心機械手    JGZ 50-1-AS （308911）
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0301704 FPS-M8
SCHUNK雄克    上下料組件    0314212 LMZL 100
SCHUNK雄克    旋轉氣缸    DSE-A-40-A 訂貨號30026217
SCHUNK雄克    備件    KTG50     300275
SCHUNK雄克    備件    MMS 22-S-M8-PNP-SA ID:0301442
SCHUNK雄克    旋轉夾爪    0313014 RM 15-RZ
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0371099 PGN+50-1
SCHUNK雄克    壓力保持閥    SDV-P 04/403130
SCHUNK雄克    備件    KTG50
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PGN+100-1
SCHUNK雄克    備件    BT50-D20-90
SCHUNK雄克    備件    360206
SCHUNK雄克    接近開關    80/S-M12 0301508
SCHUNK雄克    備件    MMS 22S-M8-PNP-SA
SCHUNK雄克    備件    SFL-40-S-180 0304065
SCHUNK雄克    備件    2290722
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸下部    11221DE044  SWA 150 302453
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    SRU+25-W 361660  (氣缸RD120)
SCHUNK雄克    定心銷    SPA 40-16RF
SCHUNK雄克    直通接頭    GE06LR1/4CF
SCHUNK雄克    接近傳感器    IN-80-S-M8
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    JGZ160-1(ID:0308960)
SCHUNK雄克    備件    402560081     200-240VAC  50-60HZ    16A
SCHUNK雄克    備件    KGG80
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪centrical  gripper    PZB  plus  160-1-AS  3006 8230
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪    PGN-PLUS-160-1
SCHUNK雄克    ParallelGirpper    LGP 40-AS
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0340009 MPG20
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    MPG40 340012
SCHUNK雄克    備件    MMSK22-SN訂貨號301035
SCHUNK雄克    機械手    PGN-plus80-2  0371151
SCHUNK雄克    卡爪    PGN64-1/370100
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0372152 PGN-plus-100-2-KVZ
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    0340009
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪汽缸    304343（DPG-plus 125-1-AS）
SCHUNK雄克    solenoid switch    0301032
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PGN+100-1
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    0340009
SCHUNK雄克    備件    IN081/3/110/50/00
SCHUNK雄克    傳感器    IN80-S-M8
SCHUNK雄克    液壓刀柄減徑套D20/5    GZB-S Φ20/Φ5
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    KGG-280
SCHUNK雄克    砧板    10354624
SCHUNK雄克    平行夾爪    0371080
SCHUNK雄克    接觸門鎖    0313342 GMNS 100-X
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪    0303545
SCHUNK雄克    備件    SRU+30-W  361824
SCHUNK雄克    連接電纜    30490018
SCHUNK雄克    備件    9985020
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0370105 PGN 200/1
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪    MPG-32/340011
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪    DRG 80-90  307109
SCHUNK雄克    備件    RH-925-PX 360301
SCHUNK雄克    線性電源    OSE-A22-4 V
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0306455
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PZN+100-1
SCHUNK雄克    汽缸    340310
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PGN-PLUS 50 371099
SCHUNK雄克    備件    5515455
SCHUNK雄克    備件    9984773
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪    MPG-32/340011
SCHUNK雄克    手爪    PZN-PLUS 64-1
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪汽缸    DPZ 100-AS
SCHUNK雄克    油壓夾頭    SK50-HC32G
SCHUNK雄克    備件    A-PZN-50
SCHUNK雄克    卡盤    0305150 PZB+64-1
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    PGNPLUS300-1(ID;0371106)
SCHUNK雄克    卡爪    DPG-100/1S 370263
SCHUNK雄克    機械手    DPG+100-1     304331
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪氣缸    0370402 PGN 100/1
SCHUNK雄克    備件    訂貨號：9939378
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪    MPG-32 340011
SCHUNK雄克    平行夾爪    0371151
SCHUNK雄克    備件    JGZ240-1
SCHUNK雄克    傳感器    301704
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0301034 MMSK 22-S-PNP
SCHUNK雄克    備件    370100
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PGN125-2
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    SRU35.1(357722)
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    303313
SCHUNK雄克    備件    FMS-A1 訂貨號：301810
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    MPG40 340012
SCHUNK雄克    碳刷    E46F3 16*25*50MM
SCHUNK雄克    主定位銷    SPA 40RF   471151
SCHUNK雄克    碳刷    10564773
SCHUNK雄克    電磁開關    IN 80-S-M8（301478）
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    PHL-W-63-12-S
SCHUNK雄克    行夾    PGN-PLUS100-1(0371102)
SCHUNK雄克    快換氣動系統連接塊    SWA 020-000-000 0302323
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0207931
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    PZV125 304003
SCHUNK雄克    夾具    303512
SCHUNK雄克    接近開關    INW80/S-M8
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪氣缸    JGZ+125-1 303453
SCHUNK雄克    2指氣爪    PGN+80-2 371151
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪汽缸parallel gripper    RH918
SCHUNK雄克    備件    40010745
SCHUNK雄克    電器件    WSG050-GV
SCHUNK雄克    傳感器sensor    MMS-P 22-S-M8-PNP  0301370
SCHUNK雄克    卡爪接近開關    IN60/S-M8
SCHUNK雄克    備件    370106  PGN 300/1
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PSH 42-2 302143
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PGN-PLUS-300-1
SCHUNK雄克    刀架    SDF-HSK-A63-D20-L80
SCHUNK雄克    刀柄    0280180
SCHUNK雄克    平行卡爪    0340040
SCHUNK雄克    cylinder    KGG-80 340310
SCHUNK雄克    二指電動平行手爪    EGN-100
SCHUNK雄克    機械手    PZN-plus50-2
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PDU-070-101-B 0306715
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PGN-plus 125-1 AS 訂貨號：371403
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    0303941GSM-P-40-AS-S-180
SCHUNK雄克    solenoid switch    0301032
SCHUNK雄克    備件    WSM 350-2 NSE PLUS 138
SCHUNK雄克    卡爪    0370100 PGN 64-1
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    PSK22-2
SCHUNK雄克    電磁開關    0301032
SCHUNK雄克    夾持氣缸    0323033 DDF-31-S
SCHUNK雄克    機械手    DPG+100-1     304331
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪氣缸    0370402 PGN 100/1
SCHUNK雄克    刀柄    0204580
SCHUNK雄克    備件    SRU+40-W（362222）
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    303542
SCHUNK雄克    光電開關    MMS22-S-M8-PNP-SA
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    303061
SCHUNK雄克    備件    RM 200-W-120-1 訂貨號30056784
SCHUNK雄克    電子模塊    9935815
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    0303061 KGG 80-60
SCHUNK雄克    刀柄    HOLDER HSK-A63-D20-150L (253 336)
SCHUNK雄克    備件    302781
SCHUNK雄克    備件    RH905-FS.OT2
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    PGN+100-1  371102
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    0340039 MPG20-AS-2
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪    0303311 PZN+80-1
SCHUNK雄克    備件    9985600
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪    0303315
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪    MPG 32 0340011
SCHUNK雄克    接近開關    0377720
SCHUNK雄克    備件    TPS125-26 Z120    序列號：88000256
SCHUNK雄克    卡盤    SRH+25-H 359351
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0308620
SCHUNK雄克    抓手氣缸    MPG25  340010
SCHUNK雄克    卡爪    0340490 MPZ 20
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    357650
SCHUNK雄克    接近開關    FPS-S13 0301705
SCHUNK雄克    抓手    MPG 50 AS 340043
SCHUNK雄克    備件    MMS-P 22-S-M8-PNP (0301370)
SCHUNK雄克    夾爪氣缸 （ST7）    ART.K325645 PZB 64 IDENTNR.300 345
SCHUNK雄克    滑塊    HC101330097
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪    LGP-40   0312915
SCHUNK雄克    備件    340044
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪CYLINDER    PGN-plus-100-1-IS 371462
SCHUNK雄克    傳感器    MMS 22-S-M8-PNP
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PGN+125-1-SD
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    GSM-P-32-AS-S-180  303931
SCHUNK雄克    旋轉氣缸    OP50  355340
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0371104
SCHUNK雄克    抓手    GWB44   307136
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    0370452 PGN 100/2 AS
SCHUNK雄克    開關    LGW 16-AS  0312953
SCHUNK雄克    備件    825711
SCHUNK雄克    機械手氣缸    DPG+100-1
SCHUNK雄克    備件    0301474 IN40/S-M8
SCHUNK雄克    備件    PFH50  0302050
SCHUNK雄克    備件    ENG80（0306100）
SCHUNK雄克    氣缸    MPG40
SCHUNK雄克    氣爪手指    MPG32  0340011
SCHUNK雄克    卡爪接近開關    IN60/S-M8
SCHUNK雄克    熔接機    742787
SCHUNK雄克    減徑套    32-20/207947
SCHUNK雄克    備件    貨號302152   機械手PSH 52
SCHUNK雄克 ;   刀(dao)柄    0204445

SCHUNK機械手氣缸DPG+100-1翊霈代理供應

SCHUNK機械手氣缸DPG+100-1翊霈代理供應