編碼器（encoder）是將信號（如比特流）或數據進行編制、轉換為可用以通訊、傳輸和存儲的信號形式的設備。編碼器把角位移或直線位移轉換成電信號，前者稱為碼盤，后者稱為碼尺。按照讀出方式編碼器可以分為接觸式和非接觸式兩種；
由一個中心有軸的光電碼盤，其上有環形通、暗的刻線，有光電發射和接收器件讀取，獲得四組正弦波信號組合成A、B、C、D,每個正弦波相差90度相位差（相對于一個周波為360度），將C、D信號反向，疊加在A、B兩相上，可增強穩定信號；另每轉輸出一個Z相脈沖以代表零位參考位。
由于(yu)A、B兩相相差90度，可通(tong)過(guo)比較A相在前還是B相在前，以判別編碼器的(de)(de)正(zheng)轉與反轉，通(tong)過(guo)零位脈沖，可獲得編碼器的(de)(de)零位參考(kao)位。編碼器碼盤(pan)的(de)(de)材料(liao)有(you)玻璃(li)(li)(li)、金屬(shu)、塑料(liao)，玻璃(li)(li)(li)碼盤(pan)是在玻璃(li)(li)(li)上沉積很薄(bo)的(de)(de)刻(ke)線，其(qi)熱(re)穩定性好(hao)，精(jing)度高，金屬(shu)碼盤(pan)直接(jie)以通(tong)和不通(tong)刻(ke)線，不易(yi)碎，但由于(yu)金屬(shu)有(you)一定的(de)(de)厚度，精(jing)度就(jiu)有(you)限制，其(qi)熱(re)穩定性就(jiu)要比玻璃(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)差一個數量級(ji)，塑料(liao)碼盤(pan)是經濟型的(de)(de)，其(qi)成本低，但精(jing)度、熱(re)穩定性、壽命(ming)均要差一些。

保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)(fuse)也被稱為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)，IEC127標準將(jiang)它(ta)定義為(wei)(wei)"熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)體(ti)(ti)（fuse-link)"。其(qi)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)是起過載(zai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)正確安置(zhi)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)，保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)就(jiu)會在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)異(yi)常(chang)升(sheng)高(gao)到(dao)一定的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度(du)和熱(re)(re)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)時候(hou)，自身熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)切斷(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)安全(quan)運行。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)發生(sheng)故障或異(yi)常(chang)時，伴隨著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)升(sheng)高(gao)，并且(qie)(qie)升(sheng)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)有(you)可(ke)(ke)能損(sun)壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)某些重要(yao)(yao)(yao)器件，也有(you)可(ke)(ke)能燒毀電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)甚至(zhi)造成火災(zai)。若電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)正確地安置(zhi)了(le)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)，那(nei)么保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)就(jiu)會在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)異(yi)常(chang)升(sheng)高(gao)到(dao)一定的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度(du)和熱(re)(re)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)時候(hou)，自身熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)切斷(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，從而(er)起到(dao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)安全(quan)運行的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。一般(ban)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)由三個(ge)(ge)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)組成：一是熔(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)，它(ta)是保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)核心，熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)時起到(dao)切斷(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，同一類、同一規(gui)格(ge)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)，材質要(yao)(yao)(yao)相同、幾何尺寸要(yao)(yao)(yao)相同、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)值(zhi)盡可(ke)(ke)能地小且(qie)(qie)要(yao)(yao)(yao)一致，最重要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)是熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)特性(xing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)一致，家用(yong)(yong)(yong)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鉛(qian)銻合(he)金制成；二(er)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)，通常(chang)有(you)兩個(ge)(ge)，它(ta)是熔(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)聯接的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)部(bu)(bu)件，它(ta)必(bi)須(xu)有(you)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)，不(bu)應(ying)產生(sheng)明顯的(de)(de)(de)安裝(zhuang)接觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)；三是支(zhi)架(jia)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)，保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)一般(ban)都纖細柔軟的(de)(de)(de)，支(zhi)架(jia)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)就(jiu)是將(jiang)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)固定并使三個(ge)(ge)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)成為(wei)(wei)剛性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)便于(yu)安裝(zhuang)、使用(yong)(yong)(yong)，它(ta)必(bi)須(xu)有(you)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)機械強度(du)、絕緣性(xing)、耐熱(re)(re)性(xing)和阻(zu)燃性(xing)，在使用(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)不(bu)應(ying)產生(sheng)斷(duan)(duan)裂、變形、燃燒及(ji)(ji)短路(lu)(lu)(lu)等現象。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)及(ji)(ji)大功率設備所(suo)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)，不(bu)僅有(you)一般(ban)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)三個(ge)(ge)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)，而(er)且(qie)(qie)還有(you)滅弧(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，因(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)這(zhe)類保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)所(suo)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)不(bu)僅工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)較大，而(er)且(qie)(qie)當熔(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)發生(sheng)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)時其(qi)兩端的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓也很(hen)高(gao)，往往會出(chu)現熔(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)已熔(rong)(rong)(rong)化(hua)（熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)）甚至(zhi)已汽化(hua)，但(dan)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)并沒有(you)切斷(duan)(duan)，其(qi)原因(yin)(yin)就(jiu)是在熔(rong)(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)一瞬間在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓及(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)下(xia)，保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)絲(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)兩電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)之間發生(sheng)拉弧(hu)現象。這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)滅弧(hu)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)必(bi)須(xu)有(you)很(hen)強的(de)(de)(de)絕緣性(xing)與(yu)很(hen)好的(de)(de)(de)導熱(re)(re)性(xing)，且(qie)(qie)呈負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)。石(shi)英(ying)砂就(jiu)是常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)滅弧(hu)材料。

軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)（Bearing）是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)當(dang)代機械設備(bei)中(zhong)一(yi)種重要零部件。它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要功能(neng)(neng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)支撐機械旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)體，降低(di)(di)(di)其(qi)運動(dong)(dong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦系(xi)(xi)數(shu)。滾(gun)動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)壽(shou)(shou)(shou)命以(yi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)數(shu)（或(huo)以(yi)一(yi)定轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速下的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)數(shu)）定義(yi)：在此(ci)壽(shou)(shou)(shou)命以(yi)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，應在其(qi)任何軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)圈(quan)或(huo)滾(gun)動(dong)(dong)體上發(fa)生初步疲(pi)勞(lao)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)（剝落或(huo)缺損(sun)(sun)(sun)）。然而(er)無論在實(shi)驗室試驗或(huo)在實(shi)際(ji)使(shi)用中(zhong)，都可(ke)明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)看到(dao)，在同(tong)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)條件下的(de)(de)(de)(de)外觀相同(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，實(shi)際(ji)壽(shou)(shou)(shou)命大(da)(da)不(bu)相同(tong)。此(ci)外還(huan)有數(shu)種不(bu)同(tong)定義(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“壽(shou)(shou)(shou)命”，其(qi)中(zhong)之(zhi)一(yi)即所(suo)(suo)謂(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“工作(zuo)壽(shou)(shou)(shou)命”，它(ta)表示某一(yi)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)之(zhi)前可(ke)達(da)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際(ji)壽(shou)(shou)(shou)命是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由磨損(sun)(sun)(sun)、損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)通常并非由疲(pi)勞(lao)所(suo)(suo)致，而(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由磨損(sun)(sun)(sun)、腐蝕、密封損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)等原因造(zao)成(cheng)。深溝球(qiu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)具(ju)代表性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)滾(gun)動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。與(yu)(yu)尺寸相同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)它(ta)類(lei)型軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)相比(bi)，該類(lei)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)摩(mo)擦系(xi)(xi)數(shu)小(xiao)，極限(xian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速高，結(jie)構簡單(dan)，制造(zao)成(cheng)本(ben)低(di)(di)(di)，精(jing)度(du)高，無需經(jing)常維(wei)護，而(er)且尺寸范圍大(da)(da)、形式多，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應用*的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)類(lei)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。它(ta)主要承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)徑(jing)(jing)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)載(zai)荷(he)，也可(ke)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)載(zai)荷(he)。當(dang)其(qi)僅(jin)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)徑(jing)(jing)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)載(zai)荷(he)時(shi)(shi)，接觸角(jiao)為零。金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種以(yi)低(di)(di)(di)成(cheng)本(ben)生產的(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)運動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統，用于(yu)無限(xian)行(xing)程(cheng)與(yu)(yu)圓柱(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)配合使(shi)用。由于(yu)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)載(zai)球(qiu)與(yu)(yu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)呈點接觸，故使(shi)用載(zai)荷(he)小(xiao)。鋼球(qiu)以(yi)極小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦阻力旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，從而(er)能(neng)(neng)獲得高精(jing)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)平穩(wen)運動(dong)(dong)。塑(su)料直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種自潤(run)滑特性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)運動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統，其(qi)于(yu)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)最大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)區別就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)滾(gun)動(dong)(dong)摩(mo)擦，軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)(yu)圓柱(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)間是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)點接觸，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)這(zhe)種適合低(di)(di)(di)載(zai)荷(he)高速運動(dong)(dong)；而(er)塑(su)料直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)滑動(dong)(dong)摩(mo)擦，軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)(yu)圓柱(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)間是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)面接觸，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)這(zhe)種適合高載(zai)荷(he)中(zhong)低(di)(di)(di)速運動(dong)(dong)。調(diao)心(xin)(xin)滾(gun)子(zi)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有兩列(lie)對稱型球(qiu)面滾(gun)子(zi)，主要承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)徑(jing)(jing)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)載(zai)荷(he)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)也能(neng)(neng)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)任一(yi)方向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)載(zai)荷(he)，但不(bu)能(neng)(neng)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)純軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)載(zai)荷(he)。該類(lei)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外圈(quan)滾(gun)道是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)球(qiu)面形，故其(qi)調(diao)心(xin)(xin)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)良好，能(neng)(neng)補償同(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)度(du)誤差，當(dang)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)力彎曲或(huo)安裝不(bu)同(tong)心(xin)(xin)時(shi)(shi)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)仍可(ke)正常使(shi)用，調(diao)心(xin)(xin)性(xing)(xing)隨(sui)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)尺寸系(xi)(xi)列(lie)不(bu)同(tong)而(er)異(yi)，一(yi)般所(suo)(suo)允許的(de)(de)(de)(de)調(diao)心(xin)(xin)角(jiao)度(du)為1~2.5度(du) ，該類(lei)型軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)負荷(he)能(neng)(neng)力較(jiao)大(da)(da)，除能(neng)(neng)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)徑(jing)(jing)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)負荷(he)外軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)還(huan)能(neng)(neng)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)雙向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)作(zuo)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)負荷(he)，具(ju)有較(jiao)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)抗沖擊能(neng)(neng)力，一(yi)般來說調(diao)心(xin)(xin)滾(gun)子(zi)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)所(suo)(suo)允許的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速較(jiao)低(di)(di)(di)。適用于(yu)重載(zai)或(huo)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)載(zai)荷(he)下工作(zuo)。

蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)動系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)一種能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)儲(chu)(chu)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)裝置(zhi)。它在適當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)機(ji)將(jiang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)為壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)或(huo)(huo)位(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)儲(chu)(chu)存起(qi)來(lai)，當(dang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)需要時(shi)(shi)(shi)，又將(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)或(huo)(huo)位(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)為液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)或(huo)(huo)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)等(deng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)而(er)(er)釋(shi)放出(chu)來(lai)，重(zhong)新(xin)補(bu)(bu)供給系(xi)(xi)統(tong)。當(dang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)瞬間壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)增大時(shi)(shi)(shi)，它可(ke)(ke)以吸收(shou)這部(bu)(bu)分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，以保證整(zheng)個系(xi)(xi)統(tong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)正(zheng)常。液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)是(shi)不可(ke)(ke)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，因此利(li)用(yong)(yong)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)是(shi)無(wu)法(fa)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)積(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)，必須(xu)依靠(kao)其(qi)他介質(zhi)來(lai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換、蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)積(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。例如，利(li)用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)（氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)）的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)性質(zhi)研制的(de)(de)(de)皮(pi)囊式(shi)(shi)充氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)就是(shi)一種蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)積(ji)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)的(de)(de)(de)裝置(zhi)。皮(pi)囊式(shi)(shi)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)由油(you)液(ye)(ye)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)和(he)帶有氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)密封件的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)組成，位(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)皮(pi)囊周圍的(de)(de)(de)油(you)液(ye)(ye)與(yu)油(you)液(ye)(ye)回路(lu)(lu)接(jie)(jie)通(tong)。當(dang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)升高時(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)液(ye)(ye)進入(ru)(ru)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)被壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)，直到(dao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)管路(lu)(lu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)不再上升；當(dang)管路(lu)(lu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)下降(jiang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)膨脹，將(jiang)油(you)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)入(ru)(ru)回路(lu)(lu)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)減緩管路(lu)(lu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)下降(jiang)。蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有兩種用(yong)(yong)途。①當(dang)低速運動時(shi)(shi)(shi)載荷需要的(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)小于(yu)(yu)(yu)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵多余的(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)儲(chu)(chu)入(ru)(ru)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，當(dang)載荷要求(qiu)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大于(yu)(yu)(yu)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)從(cong)(cong)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)放出(chu)來(lai)，以補(bu)(bu)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)之(zhi)不足。②當(dang)停機(ji)但仍(reng)需維持(chi)一定壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)以停止液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵而(er)(er)由蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)補(bu)(bu)償(chang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)泄漏，以保持(chi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)。蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)也可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)來(lai)吸收(shou)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)脈動或(huo)(huo)吸收(shou)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)產生的(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)沖擊壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)。蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)可(ke)(ke)以用(yong)(yong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)、重(zhong)錘或(huo)(huo)彈(dan)簧(huang)來(lai)產生，相應地蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)為氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)式(shi)(shi)、重(zhong)錘式(shi)(shi)和(he)彈(dan)簧(huang)式(shi)(shi)。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)式(shi)(shi)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)與(yu)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)直接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)者，稱為接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)式(shi)(shi)，其(qi)結(jie)構簡單(dan)，容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大，但液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)容(rong)易混入(ru)(ru)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，常用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)水壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)上。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)與(yu)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)不接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)的(de)(de)(de)稱為隔離式(shi)(shi)，常用(yong)(yong)皮(pi)囊和(he)隔膜來(lai)隔離，皮(pi)囊體(ti)(ti)(ti)積(ji)變(bian)化量(liang)(liang)(liang)大，隔膜體(ti)(ti)(ti)積(ji)變(bian)化量(liang)(liang)(liang)小，常用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)吸收(shou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)脈動。重(zhong)錘式(shi)(shi)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)較大，常用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)軋(ya)機(ji)等(deng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)，供蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)用(yong)(yong)。

HEIDENHAIN    適配器電纜    805375-12
HEIDENHAIN    濾芯    337147-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    533117-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    375137-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵    557679-07
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LIDA 107C ML940 光尺 ID:317 910-S2
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ERN 180 2500 ID:589614-4U
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557677-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    727222-01
HEIDENHAIN    傳感器    ID376836-1H，ROD436204827S12-03
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    ID:529732-18
HEIDENHAIN    備件    290028-6N
HEIDENHAIN    備件    640184-14
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    557654-04
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    Id.Nr.310128-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    533910-42
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    298401-02
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID：329350-02
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    348427-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    618830-22
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    689697-08
HEIDENHAIN    旋轉編碼器    376 834-20
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    589614-54
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID 1065932-11 ECN 413 2048 01-58
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LC 183; ML1240; +/- 0.003mm  557680-12
HEIDENHAIN    備件    557679-14
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    385480-0A
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    572249-10
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    ID:231011-03
HEIDENHAIN    測頭    270922-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵    557644-16
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺配件    344228-03 1Vss/TTL 568624 84 11
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    312214-16
 
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LS703 ML470mm Id.Nr.336976-07
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557649-14
HEIDENHAIN    磁柵傳感器    393000-71
HEIDENHAIN    光柵    ID:557649-06
HEIDENHAIN    光柵線位測量系統    557649-07
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LS 487C; ML2040    572249-26
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID 662 636-02
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID358699-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    336 960-20
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    ID 594878-01
HEIDENHAIN    細分盒    ID:536397-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    291697-27
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID:515385-01
HEIDENHAIN    接頭    291698-01（9芯）
HEIDENHAIN    檢測儀    325413-01
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    MT25P  ID：232715-03
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557677-07
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    589614-54
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    393000-02
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    EQN1325  ID:586653-12
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    310128-01
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    AE LS186 326 797-03(658492-02 )
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LS704 ML170 Id.Nr.336978-C2
HEIDENHAIN    PROFINET網關    DP EnDat21 R10 ID 688014-01 SN46643669
HEIDENHAIN    備件    589614-0M
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    753298-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    385424-22
HEIDENHAIN    ROTARY TRANSDUCER    ROQ 425 / 752521-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    376886-07
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    521291-04
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    ID:533631-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    LS181  ML1340mm 332358-12
HEIDENHAIN    備件    827039-06
HEIDENHAIN    測量輪    390925-04
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺尺身和讀數頭    LS187C(1240mm) Nr.526974-12
HEIDENHAIN    備件    Nr. 533631-02
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    385502-09
HEIDENHAIN    密封條    266051-05
HEIDENHAIN    備件    344980-14
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    383963-03
HEIDENHAIN    濾芯    ID 810416-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    MT2571 ID:331667-01
HEIDENHAIN    連接電纜    309777-02
HEIDENHAIN    測量臂光柵尺    231011-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    536398-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID:586645-12
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    689680-17
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ERN1387.020-2048 Id.Nr.385487-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    393000-07
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    599502-05
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    ID:557677-04
HEIDENHAIN    電纜    ID：369129-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    EQN1325.049-2048  ID：655251-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID：243602-08
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    DSLHEI748880-13
HEIDENHAIN    備件    344451-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    606689-16
HEIDENHAIN    ENCODER    ERN1387.020-2048 ID:385487-03
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    ID:311 130-01
HEIDENHAIN    伺服電機    LC183/5nm.SN:49964675W.ML:1040mm.ID:557-680-10
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    ID:231011-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    385480-48
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LC481/ID:353703-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    393000-61
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID:631713-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    312215-02
HEIDENHAIN    適配器電纜    310123-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    LS186C ML 840mm  ID.NR.336963-19
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    EQ425 512 27S17-EO 1132407-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    805375-15
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    385489-08
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    AELS406C ID:310107-02
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID:810800-50
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID 528100-50
HEIDENHAIN    轉接頭    617765-N5
HEIDENHAIN    備件    643450-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    DSLHEI746721-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID:735117-61
HEIDENHAIN    備件    RON 285 9000 ID:358699-28
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LS703 ML270mm Id.Nr.336976-03
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    594875-01
HEIDENHAIN    電器件    Type: 636872-06   LIDA47
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    243603-16
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    243602-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    530674-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    LS187C 、ML1140mm 、ID:526974-11 、SN:36050562D
HEIDENHAIN    濾芯    810415-01
HEIDENHAIN    爐卷萬能磨床/3/損壞無備件    ID331-918-12
HEIDENHAIN    備件    689696-07
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557650-04
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    ST1288，ID383978-01

HEIDENHAIN 編碼器530674-01翊霈優質報價

HEIDENHAIN 編碼器530674-01翊霈優質報價