光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)，也稱為(wei)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)位(wei)移(yi)傳(chuan)感器(qi)（光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)傳(chuan)感器(qi)），是(shi)(shi)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學原理工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)反(fan)(fan)饋裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)經(jing)常(chang)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于數(shu)(shu)控機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)閉環伺服系(xi)(xi)統中，可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)直線位(wei)移(yi)或(huo)者角位(wei)移(yi)的(de)(de)(de)檢測(ce)(ce)。其(qi)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)輸(shu)出的(de)(de)(de)信號(hao)為(wei)數(shu)(shu)字脈沖，具有檢測(ce)(ce)范(fan)圍(wei)大(da)，檢測(ce)(ce)精度(du)高，響應速度(du)快的(de)(de)(de)特點。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)按(an)照制造方(fang)(fang)法和(he)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學原理的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同，分(fen)(fen)為(wei)透射(she)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)和(he)反(fan)(fan)射(she)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)(shi)由標(biao)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)和(he)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)兩部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)組成(cheng)。標(biao)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)固定在(zai)(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)固定部(bu)(bu)(bu)件上(shang)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)裝(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)活動部(bu)(bu)(bu)件上(shang)，指示光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)裝(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)中。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)位(wei)移(yi)的(de)(de)(de)實質(zhi)是(shi)(shi)以光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)柵(zha)距為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)把標(biao)準尺(chi)(chi)(chi)子對(dui)位(wei)稱量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)進行測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。高分(fen)(fen)辨率的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)造價較貴，且制造困難。為(wei)了(le)提高系(xi)(xi)統分(fen)(fen)辨率，需要對(dui)莫(mo)爾(er)(er)條紋進行細(xi)分(fen)(fen)，目(mu)前（2006年）光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)傳(chuan)感器(qi)系(xi)(xi)統多采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)子細(xi)分(fen)(fen)方(fang)(fang)法。當兩塊光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)以微小傾角重疊(die)時，在(zai)(zai)與光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)刻線大(da)致垂直的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)上(shang)就會產(chan)生(sheng)莫(mo)爾(er)(er)條紋，隨著(zhu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)的(de)(de)(de)移(yi)動，莫(mo)爾(er)(er)條紋也隨之上(shang)下移(yi)動。這樣就把對(dui)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)柵(zha)距的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)轉換為(wei)對(dui)莫(mo)爾(er)(er)條紋個(ge)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)將主(zhu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)（滑板）上(shang)，隨機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)走刀而動，讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)固定在(zai)(zai)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)身上(shang)，盡可能(neng)使(shi)讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)下方(fang)(fang)。其(qi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇(ze)必(bi)須注意切屑、切削液(ye)及油液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)濺落(luo)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)。如果(guo)由于安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)位(wei)置(zhi)限制必(bi)須采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)朝上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)時，則(ze)必(bi)須增加輔助密(mi)封裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。另外，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)情況(kuang)下，讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)應盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)相(xiang)對(dui)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)靜止部(bu)(bu)(bu)件上(shang)，此時輸(shu)出導線不(bu)移(yi)動易固定，而尺(chi)(chi)(chi)身則(ze)應安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)相(xiang)對(dui)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)運動的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)件上(shang)（如滑板）。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)檢測(ce)(ce)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)關鍵部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)是(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，它由光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)源、會聚(ju)透鏡、指示光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)、光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)元件及調整機(ji)構(gou)(gou)等(deng)組成(cheng)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)形式(shi)很多，根(gen)據讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)特點和(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)場合(he)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)直接接收式(shi)讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(或(huo)稱硅光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)池(chi)讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、鏡像式(shi)讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、分(fen)(fen)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)鏡式(shi)讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、金屬光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵(zha)反(fan)(fan)射(she)式(shi)讀(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數(shu)(shu)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)）。

流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)開關(guan)(guan)主要是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、氣、油等(deng)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)路中(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)線(xian)或(huo)者插入式(shi)安(an)裝(zhuang)監控(kong)(kong)(kong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)于(yu)(yu)或(huo)者低(di)于(yu)(yu)某(mou)一(yi)(yi)個設(she)(she)(she)定點時(shi)候(hou)觸發輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)報警信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)遞給(gei)機組，系(xi)(xi)統(tong)獲(huo)取信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)后即(ji)可作(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)相應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)指示動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)。避(bi)免或(huo)減少主機“干燒”。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)開關(guan)(guan)工作(zuo)(zuo)原(yuan)理(li)(li)當水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)開關(guan)(guan)內(nei)有水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)≥1.0L/min時(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)開關(guan)(guan)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)芯(xin)受水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)推動(dong)(dong)產(chan)(chan)生位(wei)移(yi)(yi)，磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)芯(xin)位(wei)移(yi)(yi)帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)源產(chan)(chan)生磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)控(kong)(kong)(kong)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)使(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)開關(guan)(guan)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)“通”信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)開關(guan)(guan)快易優(you)自動(dong)(dong)化(hua)選型有收錄，該(gai)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)輸(shu)入設(she)(she)(she)備控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，經控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)實現控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，當水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)小于(yu)(yu)啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)時(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)開關(guan)(guan)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)“斷”的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)產(chan)(chan)生與(yu)上述(shu)相反的(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。換(huan)句話(hua)說就是(shi)(shi)：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)開關(guan)(guan)當管(guan)(guan)(guan)路中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)于(yu)(yu)1L/min流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)時(shi)，磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)芯(xin)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)下(xia)產(chan)(chan)生位(wei)移(yi)(yi)并帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)源產(chan)(chan)生磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)控(kong)(kong)(kong)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)使(shi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)"1"開關(guan)(guan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao),該(gai)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)輸(shu)入到(dao)(dao)設(she)(she)(she)備控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，經功率擴放大(da)后實現以水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)。當管(guan)(guan)(guan)路中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)小于(yu)(yu)1L/min流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)后，磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)芯(xin)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)復位(wei)彈簧推力(li)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)下(xia)帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)源回位(wei)，使(shi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)"0"開關(guan)(guan)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao),停止系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)。流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)開關(guan)(guan)具有靈敏度高(gao)、耐久(jiu)性強(qiang)等(deng)優(you)點 。熱(re)式(shi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)開關(guan)(guan)是(shi)(shi)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)探(tan)測(ce)頭溫(wen)度變(bian)(bian)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)理(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)計。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)探(tan)頭內(nei)置發熱(re)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)及感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)熱(re)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)，并與(yu)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)接觸。測(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)時(shi)，發熱(re)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)發出(chu)(chu)(chu)恒(heng)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，當管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)內(nei)沒(mei)有介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)，感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)熱(re)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)接收到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個恒(heng)定值，當有介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)時(shi)，感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)熱(re)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)所接收到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)將隨介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)速(su)(su)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)而變(bian)(bian)化(hua)，感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)熱(re)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)將這溫(wen)差(cha)(cha)(cha)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)轉(zhuan)化(hua)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，再經過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)路轉(zhuan)換(huan)為對應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)接點信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)或(huo)模(mo)擬量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。熱(re)擴散流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)開關(guan)(guan)原(yuan)理(li)(li)，熱(re)擴散技(ji)術是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)種在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)苛刻條件(jian)下(xia)性能優(you)良、可靠性高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術，其(qi)典型原(yuan)理(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)當兩(liang)個傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)元件(jian)被(bei)置于(yu)(yu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)中(zhong)時(shi)，其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)個被(bei)加(jia)熱(re)，另一(yi)(yi)個用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)應(ying)(ying)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程溫(wen)度。兩(liang)個傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)元件(jian)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)差(cha)(cha)(cha)與(yu)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)速(su)(su)及過(guo)(guo)(guo)程介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)性質(zhi)(zhi)有關(guan)(guan)。兩(liang)個傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)元件(jian)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)差(cha)(cha)(cha)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)無流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)狀態下(xia)最大(da)，但隨著流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)增加(jia)，被(bei)加(jia)熱(re)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)元件(jian)冷(leng)卻，溫(wen)差(cha)(cha)(cha)減小。流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)體(ti)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)速(su)(su)直(zhi)接影(ying)響熱(re)擴散的(de)(de)(de)(de)程度。紅外(wai)線(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)開關(guan)(guan)也叫(jiao)紅外(wai)線(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)，應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)器(qi)行業中(zhong)新起的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)新技(ji)術產(chan)(chan)業即(ji)熱(re)電(dian)(dian)熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)器(qi)進(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)口(kou)，以探(tan)測(ce)進(jin)入即(ji)熱(re)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)與(yu)關(guan)(guan)機功能。特別適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)作(zuo)(zuo)為恒(heng)溫(wen)即(ji)熱(re)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)器(qi)配套裝(zhuang)置，將探(tan)測(ce)到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)與(yu)溫(wen)度及時(shi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)遞給(gei)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，達(da)到(dao)(dao)快速(su)(su)恒(heng)溫(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)。也適(shi)合(he)類似產(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)探(tan)測(ce)需求使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)，通(tong)常(chang)簡稱其(qi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)納電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)領為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)，用(yong)字母C表示。定義(yi)1：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)，顧名思義(yi)，是(shi)‘裝(zhuang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)’，是(shi)一(yi)種容(rong)(rong)(rong)納電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)器(qi)件。英文名稱：capacitor。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設備(bei)中大量(liang)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)元件之一(yi)，廣泛應用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)隔直通(tong)交，耦合(he)，旁(pang)路(lu)，濾(lv)波，調諧回路(lu)， 能量(liang)轉換，控(kong)制等(deng)方面。定義(yi)2：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)，任(ren)何(he)兩(liang)(liang)個彼此絕(jue)緣(yuan)且相(xiang)隔很近的(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)體（包(bao)(bao)括導(dao)線）間(jian)都(dou)構成一(yi)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)。簡單的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)是(shi)由(you)兩(liang)(liang)端的(de)(de)(de)(de)極板和中間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介質(zhi)(zhi)（包(bao)(bao)括空(kong)氣(qi)）構成的(de)(de)(de)(de)。通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，極板帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢差），但是(shi)由(you)于中間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)，所以(yi)整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)是(shi)不(bu)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。不(bu)過，這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況是(shi)在沒有(you)超過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)臨界電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)（擊穿(chuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)前提條(tiao)件下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。我(wo)(wo)們知道，任(ren)何(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)都(dou)是(shi)相(xiang)對(dui)絕(jue)緣(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，當(dang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)兩(liang)(liang)端的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)加大到一(yi)定程度后(hou)，物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)都(dou)可(ke)以(yi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，我(wo)(wo)們稱這(zhe)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)叫擊穿(chuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)也不(bu)例外，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)被(bei)擊穿(chuan)后(hou)，就不(bu)是(shi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)體了。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)接通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源以(yi)后(hou),在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場力的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)下(xia),與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源正(zheng)極相(xiang)接電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)極板的(de)(de)(de)(de) 自(zi)由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)將經過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源移(yi)到與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源負極相(xiang)接的(de)(de)(de)(de)極板下(xia), 正(zheng)極由(you)于失去負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)而帶(dai)正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian), 負 極由(you)于獲(huo)得(de)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)而帶(dai)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),正(zheng),負極板所帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)大小相(xiang)等(deng),符號相(xiang)反(fan).

HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ROQ 425 2048 27S17-58  ID:312511-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID:810800-50
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器線纜    323897-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID 730 435-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID589611-OL
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LS106C ML1040mm 295712-21
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LC 195F-1140MM 訂貨號760907-11
HEIDENHAIN    備件    315420-04
HEIDENHAIN    光柵    557644-16
HEIDENHAIN    Z軸光柵尺    LC483/10nm ML620MMID557647-12
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ECN 113 2048 ID: 528100-02
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺線    360645-06
HEIDENHAIN    光柵測量頭    MT12W，12MM IDN 231011-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    751363-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵鋼帶    LB302 ID：316531-60
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    ID:353077-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    329987-4D
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HEIDENHAIN    直線光柵    526974-07
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HEIDENHAIN    備件    LS177 1340MM   605357-46
HEIDENHAIN    濾芯    557677-02
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HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557679-09
HEIDENHAIN    備件    368172-N5
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    768295-11
HEIDENHAIN    備件    1387.056-2048 ID:727221-02
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    ID：315420-04
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID：538727-02
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ERN 1387.025-2048 ID：727221-51
HEIDENHAIN    支架    ML270/770902-05
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ERN 1385 2048 62S14-70 ID:749146-53
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    735117-05
 
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    572249-10
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557649-14
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557679-15
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID:393000-11
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID:526974-09
HEIDENHAIN    傳感器    393000-15
HEIDENHAIN    ENCODER    ERN1331-1024 ID:538727-05
HEIDENHAIN    備件    LC183-1240 ID:557679-12
HEIDENHAIN    備件    331666-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    635333-04
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    393000-29
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    631713-01
HEIDENHAIN    位置傳感器（磁尺）    LS186-240 336960-13
HEIDENHAIN    備件    557677-02
HEIDENHAIN    備件    344996-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    366536-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID 689890-31
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    760910-01
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    667591-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵測量頭    MT12W IdNr.231011-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    538727-05
HEIDENHAIN    濾芯    337147-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557677-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    PWM9 ID374976-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LS186ML1440ID.NR.336960-50
HEIDENHAIN    伺服電機    LC185/5nm.ML 940mm.ID:689696-09.SN:51569793
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭    ID:658492-01
HEIDENHAIN    傳感器    375137-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    536398-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    296466-12
HEIDENHAIN    海德漢光柵尺    LS 487C ML 920MM SN 38423 992G  ID 572 248-16 N6
HEIDENHAIN    直線光柵    ID.526974-09
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    EQN1325.049-2048  ID：655251-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    376886-07
HEIDENHAIN    傳感器    393000-15
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    557642-06
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    589614-61
HEIDENHAIN    ABSOLUTE GYRATORY SENSOR    RCN 2380 Id: 667785-01
HEIDENHAIN    長度計    MT25P  ID：232715-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID：1109257-23
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    599502-03
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    334749-06
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    572249-13
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    ID:617765-N2
HEIDENHAIN    備件    SN 42 115 058 E  ID 586 624-07
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ID:631713-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LC483 ML370 557649-07
HEIDENHAIN    備件    635066-56
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LC 183; ML1740; +/- 0.003mm   557680-17
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    810662-03
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    EQN 1325 2048 62S12-78  ID:586 650-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID:760916-04
HEIDENHAIN    備件    589614-61
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    557647-11
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    ERN1080-1024-01-03 ID:534913-05
HEIDENHAIN    備件    309777-06
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ST 1278 L2 383-963-06 28 292 313P
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器線    298402-30
HEIDENHAIN    直線光柵尺    LC195S  ML=1340MM （760910-13）
HEIDENHAIN    備件    557647-16
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    534913-27
HEIDENHAIN    備件    393000-61
HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    231011-03
HEIDENHAIN    備件    643450-01
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺線    533631-03
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HEIDENHAIN    編碼器    810800-24
HEIDENHAIN    直線測量尺    511398-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    355529-47
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    689697-09
HEIDENHAIN    備件    589614-61
HEIDENHAIN    備件    LS-328C 120   559682-31
 
HEIDENHAIN    備件    385420-0X
HEIDENHAIN    過濾器    ID:810415-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    290028-6N
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺    LC483/10nm/ML370mm(帶讀數頭AELC4×3）ID557649-07
HEIDENHAIN    過濾器    ID:810421-01
HEIDENHAIN    讀數頭LB382    ID316222-01
HEIDENHAIN    備件    ID:533111-01
HEIDENHAIN    信號轉換線    617765-N2
HEIDENHAIN    光柵尺掃(sao)描頭    LB382C Id.Nr.315420-04

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